This research aimed to assess the socio-economic implications of biotechnology-enhanced food accessibility and affordability. The study focused on how biotechnological advancements, such as genetically modified crops and bio-fortified foods, influenced food systems and their potential benefits for various socio-economic groups. The methodology involved a comparative analysis of the cost differences in maintaining a healthy diet across regions with differing levels of biotech adoption, evaluating the affordability and availability of these foods, particularly for vulnerable populations. Key findings indicated that biotechnology significantly improved food production through higher yields and enhanced nutritional profiles, potentially reducing food costs and increasing availability. However, the economic impacts were complex and varied by region. The research highlighted that while biotechnology could reduce food insecurity and improve diet quality for lowerincome groups, socio-economic factors such as income, education, and geographic location played crucial roles in accessing these benefits. The study underscored the need for policies to ensure equitable distribution of biotechnology benefits, addressing regional disparities and socio-economic inequalities to maximize the positive impact on food security and nutrition.